Report

Illegal online gambling: Consumer engagement and trends

The Gambling Commission’s report into estimated trends in consumer engagement with illegal gambling websites.

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Published
25 September 2025

Last updated
7 November 2024 - Changes

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Contents

• Illegal online gambling: Consumer engagement and trends

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• Executive summary
• Introduction
• Identifying illegal gambling websites
• Measuring engagement with the online illegal market
• Assumptions on use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
• Conclusions
• Next steps
• Annexes
• • Annex A - Summary of approach, assumptions and caveats
  • Annex B - Bootstrapping methodology for web traffic estimates
  • Annex C - Consumer research on VPN use

Online gambling

Contents

1. Summary From the Young People and Gambling survey 2024 this section of the report details a summary of young peoples' online gambling.
2. Young people’s active involvement in online gambling From the Young People and Gambling survey 2024 this section of the report details young peoples' active involvement in online gambling.
3. Overall experience of online gambling From the Young People and Gambling survey 2024 this section of the report details young peoples' overall experience of online gambling.
4. Online gambling using parents’ or guardians’ accounts From the Young People and Gambling survey 2024 this section of the report details young peoples' online gambling using parents’ or guardians’ accounts.
5. Paying for and betting with in-game items in video games From the Young People and Gambling survey 2024 this section of the report details young people paying for and betting with in-game items in video games.
6. Methods of paying for in-game items and to open loot boxes From the Young People and Gambling survey 2024 this section of the report details young peoples' methods of paying for in-game items and to open loot boxes.

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Last updated: 7 November 2024

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